Peer Review - In Search for Improvement

Peer review has long been regarded as the cornerstone of academic journals and scientific communication, ensuring the quality and credibility of published research. However, while scientific journals have existed for over three centuries, peer review only became an institutionalized practice in the mid-20th century. By the early 21st century, concerns have arisen that the traditional peer review model is facing a significant crisis. This presentation explores the evolution of peer review, examines the factors contributing to its current challenges, and proposes innovative approaches to revitalize this critical process. Drawing on an analysis of contemporary advancements in scientific communication, three primary peer review models are identified: the traditional pre-publication model, registered reports, and post-publication review, including preprints. The discussion argues that the post-publication review model, with its dynamic and inclusive approach, holds the greatest potential for fulfilling the core functions of scientific communication. By reimagining peer review, this presentation seeks to contribute to the ongoing debate on improving the integrity and effectiveness of scientific publishing.

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